Two per guard. Each reads left to right: what happened, what the record showed, the flag it raised, who it reached, and the harm it prevented. Every one is caught from the record alone.
HIGHHandoff Integrity
The result that came back after the team changed
A test resulted overnight. The clinician who ordered it is off. Nobody owns it, and it sits unread.
- 1Ordered
Day team orders an urgent test before signing off.
- 2Resulted late
The result files at 03:10, after they have gone home.
Result 03:10Orderer off 23:00
- 3Cross-checked
Result criticality checked against whether anyone has acknowledged it.
- 4Flagged
HIGH: critical result returned, ordering clinician off, no acknowledgement.
- 5Reached
Routed to the covering team on the unit worklist.
- 6Caught
The covering physician acts on it hours sooner. Sealed.
MEDIUMHandoff Integrity
The diagnosis that hardened across the transfer
A working theory is carried forward as a confirmed diagnosis when the patient moves units, with nothing on file to support it.
- 1Presumptive
Admitting note documents a suspected condition.
- 2Transferred
On transfer, the problem list now reads it as confirmed.
Admit: suspectedTransfer: confirmed
- 3Cross-checked
Certainty in the note checked against any confirming study on file.
- 4Flagged
MEDIUM: documented as confirmed, no confirming result on record.
- 5Reached
Surfaced to the receiving team before rounds.
- 6Caught
Reset to presumptive. The workup continues instead of closing.
HIGHCharting Integrity
The result that should have changed the plan
A new critical result is on file, but the order it should have changed carries on unchanged.
- 1Order stands
A medication is running on an existing order.
- 2New result
A critical lab files that should prompt a change.
Critical result filedOrder unchanged
- 3Cross-checked
The result is checked against the active orders it bears on.
- 4Flagged
HIGH: new critical result, related order not reviewed.
- 5Reached
Appears in the prescriber's panel for review.
- 6Caught
The order is adjusted before the next administration. Sealed.
MEDIUMCharting Integrity
The certainty with nothing behind it
A condition is documented as confirmed, but no test was ever ordered or resulted to confirm it.
- 1Documented
A note records a condition as confirmed.
- 2No basis
No confirming order or result exists on file.
Charted: confirmedConfirming study: none
- 3Cross-checked
The claim in the note is checked against the orders and results.
- 4Flagged
MEDIUM: confirmed diagnosis, no supporting study on record.
- 5Reached
Surfaced to the author before the note is signed.
- 6Caught
Either the study is ordered or the wording is corrected. Sealed.
HIGHResults & Referrals
The critical result nobody opened
The failure Newfoundland reported: a serious result reaches the patient portal before any clinician has reviewed it.
- 1Resulted
A report with a critical finding is finalized.
- 2Released
It posts to the patient portal on the standard schedule.
On the patient's phoneNo review on record
- 3Cross-checked
Criticality checked against whether a clinician has reviewed it.
- 4Flagged
HIGH: critical result released, no clinician review on record.
- 5Reached
Routed to the responsible physician, top of the worklist.
- 6Caught
The physician calls first. The patient hears it from a person.
MEDIUMResults & Referrals
The referral that was never confirmed
A referral is sent and then goes silent: never acknowledged, never booked, a lost patient nobody notices.
- 1Sent
A referral leaves the clinic for a specialty service.
- 2Silent
No acknowledgement returns from the destination.
Sent day 0No reply day 12
- 3Cross-checked
Every referral tracked against an expected acknowledgement window.
- 4Flagged
MEDIUM: referral sent, not acknowledged, aging past threshold.
- 5Reached
Appears on the primary-care team's referral worklist.
- 6Caught
Followed up and re-sent. The patient keeps their place in line.